OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

What is the primary function of petals in flowering plants?

1. To support the flower structure

2. To absorb water and nutrients

3. To attract pollinators such as bees

4. To store food for the plant

The correct answer is: To attract pollinators such as bees

Petals play a crucial role in the reproductive process of flowering plants by primarily attracting pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and other insects. Their vibrant colors and often pleasant scents are designed to catch the attention of these creatures, which are essential for the process of pollination. When pollinators visit the flower to collect nectar, they inadvertently pick up pollen and transfer it from one flower to another, facilitating fertilization and the production of seeds. The other functions mentioned in the choices are associated with different parts of the plant. The supportive structures of the flower are typically provided by sepals and modified stems. The plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients predominantly occurs through roots, while the storage of food is usually managed by specialized tissues in the leaves or roots, not the petals. Thus, the primary function of petals is, indeed, to attract pollinators, ensuring the continuation of the species through successful reproduction.